真题回顾

Part B

Directions:

Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should

1. describe the chart briefly,
2. give your comments.

You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points) 某市居民春节花销比例**

（注：根据考生回忆，图表大致如上所示，核心是“新年礼物”和“旅游”占据了最大比例。）

题目分析

1. 图表类型：这是一个饼状图,清晰地展示了春节期间各项消费支出的比例。
2. 核心数据：
   • 最高两项：新年礼物 和 旅游，分别占40%和30%，合计高达70%,这显然是图表最想突出的信息。
   • 次高两项：外出就餐 和 聚会娱乐，各占15%，合计30%。
   • 最低项：其他，为0%。
3. 深层含义：这个图表反映了中国社会的一个深刻变化——春节消费观念的转变，传统的春节消费可能更侧重于家庭内部的物质准备（如购买年货、食品），而2025年这个图表显示，消费更多地流向了社交属性（送礼）和体验式消费（旅游、聚餐、娱乐），这体现了居民生活水平的提高、消费升级的趋势以及年轻一代过节方式的改变。
4. 写作要求：
   • 第一部分（描述图表）：客观、准确地概括图表的主要信息,点出消费比例最高的两项。
   • 第二部分（给出评论）：这是文章的核心，你需要分析数据背后的原因，并阐述这种现象可能带来的影响或你的看法,这需要结合社会背景进行深入思考。

写作思路与结构建议

结构：三段式

• 第一段：描述图表

  • 开门见山：点明图表反映的内容（The chart illustrates the distribution of...）。
  • 核心数据：用一两句话概括主要发现，指出新年礼物和旅游是两大主要开销,占据了绝大部分比例。
  • 次要数据：简要提及聚餐和娱乐也占一定比重。
  • 句式参考：
    • "As is vividly depicted in the pie chart, the spending habits of local residents during the Spring Festival have undergone a significant change."
    • "The most striking feature is that New Year Gifts and Travel account for the largest proportions, at 40% and 30% respectively."
    • "Dining out and Gathering & Entertainment also make up a considerable part, each taking up 15% of the total expenditure."

• 第二段：分析原因/阐释现象

  • 承上启下：用一句话从描述过渡到分析，如 "Several factors can account for this phenomenon." 或 "This trend is closely linked to the social and economic development of our country."
  • 分点论述原因：这是文章的血肉，需要2-3个有逻辑的理由。
    1. 经济发展与生活水平提高：这是最根本的原因，人们有钱了，不再仅仅满足于温饱，开始追求更高层次的精神享受和社交活动,旅游和高质量的聚餐都是消费升级的体现。
    2. 消费观念的转变：尤其是年轻一代，他们更注重体验而非物质，比起送传统礼物，他们更倾向于用旅游来创造共同回忆,用聚餐来增进感情。
    3. 城市化与家庭结构变化：随着人口流动，很多年轻人春节可能无法回老家，选择在所在城市旅游或与朋友聚会,这也改变了传统的消费模式。
  • 句式参考：
    • "First and foremost, the rapid economic development has significantly boosted people's purchasing power."
    • "Secondly, there has been a notable shift in people's consumption philosophy."
    • "Lastly, the accelerating urbanization process has also played a role in reshaping our traditional way of celebrating the Spring Festival."

• 第三段：总结观点/提出建议/展望未来

  
  （图片来源网络，侵删）
  • 总结现象：重申春节消费从“重物质”向“重体验”转变的趋势。
  • 评价影响：可以辩证地看待，积极的一面是，这反映了社会的进步和人民幸福感的提升；消极的一面是，过度消费（尤其是攀比送礼）也可能带来一些社会问题。
  • 提出建议或展望：可以建议人们理性消费，在享受节日的同时，不忘春节“团圆”和“感恩”的本质，或者展望未来，这种趋势将持续,并催生更多元化的春节消费方式。
  • 句式参考：
    • "In conclusion, the chart reflects a profound shift in how people celebrate the Spring Festival."
    • "While this trend signifies improved living standards and a pursuit of a more fulfilling life, it also reminds us to maintain a rational attitude towards holiday consumption."
    • "It is advisable for us to cherish the traditional values of family reunion while embracing the new ways of celebration."

高分范文

A Shift in Spring Festival Spending**

The provided pie chart clearly illustrates the changing proportions of various expenditures for residents in a certain city during the Spring Festival. The most prominent feature is that New Year Gifts and Travel constitute the two largest categories, accounting for 40% and 30% of the total spending respectively. In contrast, Dining Out and Gathering & Entertainment each represent a smaller but still significant 15%, while other expenses make up none.

Several factors contribute to this phenomenon. Firstly, China's robust economic growth has substantially enhanced people's disposable income, enabling them to afford more luxurious and experiential activities like traveling. Secondly, there has been a noticeable shift in consumption values, especially among the younger generation, who now prioritize creating memorable experiences and socializing over traditional material purchases. Lastly, urbanization has altered family structures, leading many to celebrate the festival with friends or in new locations rather than just at home.

In my view, this trend reflects positive social progress, indicating a higher quality of life and a more modern approach to tradition. However, it also serves as a reminder to avoid excessive materialism. We should strike a balance between enjoying new forms of celebration and preserving the core spirit of the Spring Festival: family reunion and cultural heritage.

核心词汇与短语

• 描述图表:

  • illustrate / show / reveal / depict
  • distribution / proportion / percentage / breakdown
  • account for / constitute / make up / take up
  • the most striking feature / the most prominent aspect
  • respectively / in contrast

• 分析原因:

  • account for / contribute to / result from
  • economic development / purchasing power / disposable income
  • consumption concept / philosophy / values
  • experience-oriented / experiential consumption
  • socializing / enhancing social ties
  • urbanization / family structure

• 总结评论:

  • reflect / indicate / signify / mirror
  • profound shift / fundamental change
  • living standards / quality of life
  • rational consumption / avoid extravagance / materialism
  • strike a balance between A and B
  • preserve / cherish / inherit traditional values / cultural heritage

希望这份详细的解析能对你有所帮助！考研作文的关键在于结构清晰、逻辑连贯、语言准确、观点深刻。